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Electric Cars Driving the New American Revolution
New All-electric Mini and Ford Fusion Hybrid
Photo by Martin LaMonica/CNET by Martin LaMonica
The 2010 Ford Fusion . . .
which is now being made available to dealers, is a hybrid, five-person sedan that gets about 40 miles per gallon.
The car can go up to 47 miles per hour on its nickel-metal hydride battery pack. Inside, the dashboard includes a feedback bar to show drivers when they are running on the battery or the gasoline motor.
But that's just what I did last week when I took both the Electric Mini Cooper and 2010 Ford Fusion for a spin.
The two cars represent two technical approaches to gaining fuel efficiency through bigger car batteries.
Like the Toyota Prius, the newly released Ford Fusion is a gas-electric hybrid that drives primarily on the gas engine, supplemented by a nickel-metal hydride battery.
By contrast, the Mini Electric, which will start to be leased to drivers next month as part of a trial, runs entirely on lithium-ion batteries, the latest battery technology.
The trade-offs of both approaches are pretty apparent. The Fusion gets over 40 miles per gallon and it's more or less like any other car you've driven: you fill it up with gasoline and it goes.
The Ford's dashboard LCD shows when you're using the gas motor and when you're running on battery.
The Mini Electric, on the other hand, sacrifices the entire back seat for its battery pack. That allows it to go 100 miles on a charge--sufficient for most daily driving.
But two of its advantages are that you never go to a gas station and there are no emissions from the car itself.
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See Ford's Progress on their Plan to Make the World's Best Vehicles
ZENN Electric Car
Another concept in the neighborhood electric car field is this one from Canadian company ZENN, which stands for Zero Emissions No Noise. The car is likely to be most useful in urban areas, gated communities, or campuses because the top speed 25 miles per hour.
Meanwhile, there's yet another technology in the mix--what General Motors calls a range-extended electric vehicle or what engineers call a series hybrid (as opposed to a parallel hybrid).
In that case, an internal combustion engine does nothing but charge the batteries that propel the car.
Zero S electric motorcycle
May 1, 2009 by Mats Lewan
Zippy electric motorcycle
 The Zero S electric motorcycle is impressive, but be careful with the throttle--it accelerates superfast from a standing start--and keep in mind that it weighs only 225 pounds.
It's an odd feeling to twist the throttle and feel the powerful acceleration (62.5 pound-feet of torque) and still hear no sound except a slight clanking from the chain, not yet lubricated on this pre-production vehicle.
Making tight turns is a little tricky, as there's no clutch (and no gears).
But once you get used to it, it's just like an ordinary street motorcycle.
That's the point.
In contrast with Zero's earlier off-road model Zero X, which is not intended for road use, Zero S is made for daily use, such as commuting or making trips up to 60 miles, which is the maximum range on a single charge (complete charging takes 4 hours on 110 volts).
But the Zero S is the only typical street bike among them, and it's also the most powerful of the four, with 31 horsepower.
Still it's not the Tesla of motorcycles. Maximum speed averages 60 mph, though it can reach 70 mph, making it less practical for highway use.
Going to work with no local emissions might ease your environmental scruples.
Measured on the U.S. electricity grid, Banman estimates the Zero S releases just an eighth of the total carbon dioxide of a gas motorcycle.
But it comes at a price.
Zero S ships at $9,950, roughly $4,000 more than an equivalent 250 cc gas motorcycle.
Direct competitors include the Honda 230M ($5,400) and the Yamaha WR 250X ($6,200).
Considering that the cost per mile for charging is about 1 cent, the Zero S saves about 4 cents a mile compared to a gas motorcycle.
Riding 10 miles from home to work and back would require some 20 years of commuting to break even with riding a conventional, gas-powered machine.
Once you factor in a U.S. tax credit of 10 percent, and a $1,500 rebate from California Air Resources Board if you live in the state, however, it might take just seven years to break even. But that doesn't include the cost of the 80-pound battery that needs replacement every five years. The battery costs some $5,000, though Banman hopes that will come down drastically in a few years.
It predicts that if electric vehicles become a massive success, when everyone charges their vehicles after returning home, societies will require huge carbon-based electricity production, resulting in higher carbon dioxide emissions per mile from electric vehicles in 2020 than from gas vehicles today.
If that's true, you'd better enjoy your electric motorcycle as soon as possible.
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ZENN (Zero Emission, No Noise) is a 2-seater neighborhood battery electric car.
It has a range of up to 40 miles (64 km) and does not exceed 25 mph (40 km/h).
This green car has been in production since 2006
The THINK City is an electric car made by THINK Global, a Norwegian company.
It's a 2+2 seats, has a top speed of 65 MPH, and can do 126 miles of city driving on a full charge.
Unfortunately, because of the credit crunch, THINK is in "urgent financial distress".
XS500 by the Miles Automotive Group is expected to be a highway-capable electric car sold for $30,000-35,000 in the United States around 2009-2010
Mercedes has unveiled a trio of concept cars called BlueZERO.
One is powered by a hydrogen fuel cell, another is a battery electric car, and the third is a range-extended electric car (like the GM Volt).
Smart fortwo EVs were made by modifying regular gas or diesel fortwos, but Daimler has announced plans to make electric cars of its own using the fortwo platform.
According to the company, it should get 72 miles between charges and get the equivalent of 300 MPG.
Subaru-R1e-electric-2010
The R1E is a small urban battery electric car by Subaru.
It was recently tested around New York City
Tesla-roadster 2009
Aptera 2e (formerly the Typ-1e) is a super-efficient electric vehicle designed be Aptera motors, and it probably has the most avant-garde look of all electric cars featured here.
The company also plans a plug-in hybrid version that would get about 300 MPG if plugged in every 120 miles.
Google has invested money in the company.
The all-electric model will sell for $27,000 and the series plug-in hybrid version will sell for $30,000
Kewet Buddy is made by Elbil Norge AS, from Norway.
It has a range of "40-80 km depending on season, topography and driving style.
The REVA (known as the G-Wiz i in the UK) is a small city electric car from India.
It's not the most high-tech EV, and at 745 kg (1,640 lb), it's definitely not the biggest.
But it's been in production since 2001 and the new version features an improved range
ZAP Xebra is a 3-wheel electric vehicle launched in 2006.
Top speed is 36–40 mph and range is 20-25 miles
Fisker Karma is a "range-extended" electric car. Its all-electric range is 50 miles, and over that a gas engine kicks in to generate power and recharge the batteries.
Fisker has recently opened an engineering center near Detroit range-extended electric car (like the GM Volt).
BMW-Mini-ev-electric
BMW has announced that it would make 500 (at least) electric versions of the MINI and lease them in California.
We had the chance to test-drive one in New York City
Lightning GT is an electric sports car designed by the British Lightning Car Company.
It has 4 separate 120 kW wheel-motors (!), allowing it to accelerate from 0 to 60 mph in less than 4 seconds.
The body is made from carbon fiber and Kevlar composites.
If all goes well, it should go on sale in 2009 for £120,000 (or €155,000
Chrysler-Dodge-ev-electric
Chrysler unveiled three electric car concepts, saying that it would produce one.
The first is the Dodge EV, an electric sports car
GM Volt is a "range-extended" electric car is scheduled for 2011.
It should be able to drive 40 miles in all-electric mode before a gas engine kicks in to recharge the batteries.
GM-ev1-electric-2010
The EV1 is now almost a legend, partly because it was one of the first electric cars that the average person could actually drive, and partly because of GM's campaign to destroy them (see Who Killed the Electric Car?).
Recently an EV1 that avoided being crushed was sold for $465k
i MiEV by Mitsubishi is a small battery electric car that has got a lot of press lately.
Mitsubishi has announced that it would start producing it a year in advance
(2009 instead of 2010), and 2,000 i MiEVs will be made in the production run.
BYD is a huge Chinese battery maker who recently started making plug-in hybrids and electric cars.
Despite delays some delays in introducing EVs to the US, it is on track to become a big player in the next few years.
The electric E6 pictured here is BYD's battery-powered crossover.
There's also the BYD F3DM and F6DM
Toyota RAV4 EV is an electric version of the RAV4 mid-size SUV.
It was sold from 1997 to 2003 when the program was ended, despite waiting lists of potential customers.
Tango is an ultra-narrow electric sports car built by Commuter Cars.
It sells for an eye-popping $108,000
(you could get a Tesla Roadster for that kind of money)
And it is better known as "that electric car that George Clooney drives".
It can do 0-60 mph in 4 seconds
Electric Cars Driving the Revolution
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